The Ability of Different Composite Structures to Absorb Energy Without Fracture


Class: BE210
Group: T8
Members:

Chou
Lukasik
McGrath
Torga

Date: April 2004

Full Text

Abstract: 

Energy absorption and rebound minimization are desirable characteristics in safety devices such as protective helmets. In bicycle helmets, the helmet must manage all the severity of the impact and limit the shock transmitted through the helmet to the cyclist. It is the purpose of the helmet to attenuate rather than eliminate shock, and to manage the impact by deformation. The helmet is deformed until the cyclist’s head is slowed to a complete stop or the helmet is crushed to its minimum thickness . In a study by McIntosh, et al , different designs of rugby helmets were tested and head acceleration and energy absorption were measured. Impact energy attenuation of different configurations of polyethylene foam was determined by testing. It was discovered that small design changes could significantly change the impact energy attenuation. A correlation was found between thickness of foam used and impact energy attenuation. It was also noted that when designing a helmet, it is difficult to construct a design that will perform well in both repeated, low energy impacts that would only result in cosmetic damage and high energy impacts that would cause concussions.